Giza is the most famous archaeological site in Egypt, home to the legendary Great Pyramids, one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. The complex includes:

1. The Great Pyramid of Khufu (Cheops): The largest and oldest of the three pyramids, originally standing at 146 meters.
2. The Pyramid of Khafre: Known for its still-intact limestone cap at the top.
3. The Pyramid of Menkaure: The smallest of the three but significant for its unique granite casing.
4. The Great Sphinx: A mysterious statue with a lion’s body and a pharaoh’s head, believed to represent Pharaoh Khafre.

Valley Temple: The site of mummification rituals before burials in the pyramids.

Saqqara, located south of Giza, is home to Egypt’s first pyramid, the Step Pyramid of Djoser, built around 2,700 BC by the famous architect Imhotep. It is the earliest large-scale stone structure in history and marked the transition from mastaba tombs to true pyramids.

Other key attractions in Saqqara:

1. Pyramid of Unas: Features the first pyramid texts (ancient religious inscriptions).
2. Mastaba Tombs: Burial sites of nobles, decorated with vibrant wall paintings.

Serapeum: An underground burial site for the sacred Apis bulls, worshiped in Egyptian religion.

Today, visitors can explore:

1. The Colossal Statue of Ramses II: A massive 10-meter statue of one of Egypt’s greatest pharaohs.
2. The Alabaster Sphinx: A beautifully carved sphinx made from a single block of alabaster.

Remains of Ancient Temples: Although much of the city is lost, Memphis still holds traces of its former glory.

The site includes:

1. The Bent Pyramid: Built by Pharaoh Sneferu, it started at a steep angle but was later adjusted, giving it a "bent" shape.
2. The Red Pyramid: Considered the first true smooth-sided pyramid, also built by Sneferu. It is the third-largest pyramid in Egypt after those of Khufu and Khafre.